Havayolu Epitel Hücreleri üzerinde Lenfositik mikrotanecikler ve proapoptotik Etkisi Algılama Üretimi
Summary
Hücre zarı atkı mikroparçacıklar (MPler), izole edilmiş ve kendi patofizyolojik etkileri, çeşitli modelleri üzerinde araştırılabilir aktif biyolojik veziküllerdir. Burada T lenfositleri (LMPs) türetilen milletvekillerini üretilmesi için ve solunum yolu epitel hücreleri üzerindeki proapoptotik etkilerini kanıtlamak için bir yöntem tarif eder.
Abstract
Hücre-hücre iletişimine hücre zarı türetilmiş veziküllerin biyolojik rolleri ilgi son yıllarda artmıştır. Mikropartiküller (MP) ile 1 um, 0.1 um çapı kadar, veziküllerin böyle bir tipi olup, tipik olarak aktivasyonu ya da apoptoza ökaryotik hücrelerin plazma zarından döküldü. Burada D LMPs çok aşamalı bir diferansiyel santrifüj işlemi ile izole edilir ve akış sitometrisi kullanılarak, özelliği aktinomisin ile uyarılan apoptotik CEM T hücreleri T lenfosit kaynaklı mikro (LMPs) üretimini tarif eder. Bu protokol, aynı zamanda, fare primer solunum bronş doku eksplantlarında türetilen bronş epitel hücrelerinde LMPs proapoptotik etkilerini kanıtlamak için in situ hücre ölümü algılama yöntemi sunulur. Burada tarif edilen yöntemler, in vitro apoptotik lenfositlerden LMPs, çok miktarda izole etmek için tekrarlanabilir bir yöntem sağlamaktır. LMPs türetilmişBu şekilde, çeşitli hastalık modellerinde özelliklerini değerlendirmek için kullanılır ve farmakoloji ve toksikoloji testleri için edilebilir. Solunum yolu epitel dış çevre ve altta uzanan doku arasındaki bir koruyucu fiziksel ve fonksiyonel bariyer sunar göz önüne alındığında, bronşiyal doku eksplantlarında yerine ölümsüz epitel hücre çizgilerinin kullanımı yolu sistemi doku gerektiren araştırmalar için etkili bir model sağlar.
Introduction
Microparticles (MPs) are biologically active submicron membrane vesicles released following cell activation or apoptosis. MPs are derived from both healthy and damaged cells and are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes.1 MPs have been detected not only in human plasma, but also in inflammatory and apoptotic tissue. The biological utility of cell membrane–derived MPs has been demonstrated in various settings, including cell signalling models and as pharmacological tools.2,3 We previously demonstrated that LMPs derived from T lymphocytes following actinomycin D stimulation (to induce apoptosis) suppress angiogenesis and inhibit endothelial cell survival and proliferation.4,5 The antiangiogenic effects of LMPs may vary significantly depending on the stimuli used to activate T lymphocytes in vitro.6
The airway epithelium functions as a protective physical and functional barrier. Increased numbers of T lymphocytes in the airway can contribute to cell damage and airway inflammation.7 We have shown that LMPs induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells,8 which indicated LMPs may change barrier function of bronchial epithelium in vivo. Apoptotic cells can be identified using the TUNEL method, which detects in situ DNA fragmentation.
The overall goal of this protocol is to illustrate the in vitro production of LMPs from a T lymphocyte cell line, and to demonstrate their proapoptotic effect on airway epithelial cells. In situ cell death detection demonstrated that LMPs strongly induce airway bronchial epithelial cell death, suggesting that LMPs-mediated injury to the airway epithelium may impact barrier function of the damaged epithelium.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Milletvekilleri hücrelerarası çapraz konuşma aktif arabulucular ve onların çalışma bilimin birçok alanda umut vericidir. 11 Bu çalışma bir apoptotik T hücre soyu elde LMPs in vitro büyük ölçekli üretimi için ayrıntılı bir protokol sundu. Bu MPler lenfosit moleküllerinin büyük bir repertuarı ifade eder ve biyolojik hücre ve doku homeostazının düzenlenmesinde rol oynar. Bununla birlikte, farklı kaynaklardan elde edilen LMPs biyolojik olarak farklı olabilir. 4,9,12,1…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Vizyon Sağlık Araştırma Ağı – Bu çalışma Sağlık Araştırması (178.918), Fonds de recherche en santé du Québec, Kanada Enstitüleri hibe ile desteklenmektedir.
Materials
| LMPs production and characterization | |||
| CEM T cells | ATCC | CCL-119 | |
| X-VIVO 15 medium | Cambrex, Walkersville | 04-744Q | |
| Flask T75 | Sarstedt | 83.1813.502 | |
| Flask T175 | Sarstedt | 83.1812.502 | |
| Actinomycin D | Sigma Chemical Co. | A9415-2mg | |
| PBS | Lifetechnologies | 14190-144 | |
| 0.22µm filter | Sarstedt | 83.1826.001 | |
| Annexin-VCy5 | BD Pharmagen | 559933 | |
| FACS flow solution | BD Bio-sciences | 342003 | |
| Fluorescent microbeads (1 um) | Molecular Probes | T8880 | |
| Polysterene counting beads (7 um) | Bangs laboratories | PS06N/6994 | |
| Polypropylene FACS tubes | Falcon | 352058 | |
| 1 ml pipet | Fisher | 13-678-11B | |
| 5 ml pipet | Falcon | 357543 | |
| 25 ml pipet | Ultident | DL-357551 | |
| 1,5 ml conical polypropylene micro tube | Sarstedt | 72.690 | |
| 15 ml conical polypropylene tube | Sarstedt | 62.554.205 | |
| 50 ml conical polypropylene tube | Sarstedt | 62.547.205 | |
| 50 ml high speed polypropylene copolymer tube | Nalgene | 3119-0050 | |
| 250 ml high speed polypropylene bottle | Beckman | 356011 | |
| Protein assay (Bradford assay) | Bio-Rad Laboratories | 500-0006 | |
| Protein assay standard II | Bio-Rad Laboratories | 500-0007 | |
| Test tube 16×100 | VWR | 47729-576 | |
| Test tube 12×75 | Ultident | 170-14100005B | |
| Cell incubator | Mandel | Heracell 150 | |
| Low speed centrifuge | IEC | Centra8R | |
| High speed centrifuge | Beckman | Avanti J8 | |
| High speed rotor for 250ml bottle | Beckman | JLA16.250 | |
| High speed rotor for 50ml tube | Beckman | JA30.50 | |
| Fow cytometry | BD Bio-sciences | FACS Calibur | |
| Spectrophotometer | Beckman | Series 600 | |
| Bronchial tissue explants and sections | |||
| C57BL/6 mice (5-7 weeks old) | Charles River Laboratories, Inc. | ||
| Mouse Airway PrimaCell™ System: | CHI Scientific, Inc. | 2-82001 | |
| Rib-Back Carbon Steel Scalpel Blades | Becton Dickinson AcuteCare | 371310 | #10 |
| Scalpel Handle | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 10003-12 | #7 |
| phase-contrast inverted microscope | Olympus Optical CO., LTD. | CK2 | |
| high O2 gas mixture | VitalAire Canada Inc. | ||
| modular incubator chamber | Billups-Rothenberg Inc. | MIC-101 | |
| MaxQ 4000 incubated orbital shaker | Barnstead Lab-Line, | SHKA4000-7 | |
| 12-well tissue culture plate | Becton Dickinson and Company | 353043 | |
| Plastic tissue culture dishes (100 mm) | Sarstedt, Inc. | 83.1802 | |
| Surgical scissors | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 14060-09 | Straight, sharp, 9cm longth |
| Half-curved Graefe forceps | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 11052-10 | |
| humidified CO2 incubator | Mandel Scientific Company Inc. | SVH-51023421 | |
| Histopathological examination | |||
| formalin formaldehyde | Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. | HT5011 | |
| paraffin | Fisher scientific International, Inc. | T555 | |
| ethyl alcohol | Merck KGaA, Darmstadt | EX0278-1 | |
| glutaraldehyde | Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. | G6403 | |
| Cacodylate | Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. | 31533 | |
| microscope slides | VWR Scientific Inc. | 48300-025 | 25x75mm |
| Xylene | Fisher scientific International, Inc. | X5-4 | |
| Mayer's hematoxylin | Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. | MHS16 | Funnel with filter paper |
| HCl | Fisher scientific International, Inc. | A144s-500 | |
| eosin | Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. | HT110116 | Funnel with filter paper |
| Permount™ Mounting Medium | Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | SP15-100 | |
| glass coverslip | surgipath medical industries, Inc. | 84503 | 24×24 #1 |
| TUNEL detection kit | In Situ Cell Death Detection, POD | 11 684 817 910 | |
| oven | Despatch Industries Inc. | LEB-1-20 | |
| rotary Microtome | Leica Microsystems Inc. | RM2145 | |
| filter paper | Whatman International Ltd. | 1003150 | #3 |
| Microscope | Nikon Imaging Japan Inc. | E800 | |
| staining dish complete | Wheaton Industries, Inc. | 900200 | including dish, rack, cover |
| 1.5 ml eppendorf tube | Sarstedt Inc. | 72.69 | 39x10mm |
| Orbital and Reciprocating Water Bath | ExpotechUSA | ORS200 | |
| phosphate buffered saline | GIBCO | 14190-144 | |
| fume hood | Nicram RD Service | 3707E |
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