04:19Results: The Power Output of the Laser, Fluid Flow Characteristics through a Glass Flow Cell, and Effects on Bead Motion and Opposing Force by Fluid Flow
Visual, single-molecule biochemistry studied through microfluidic chambers is greatly facilitated using glass barrel, gas-tight syringes, stable connections of tubing to flow cells, and elimination of bubbles by placing switching valves between the syringes and tubing. The protocol describes dual optical traps that enable visualization of DNA transactions and intermolecular interactions.