This protocol provides a reliable method to establish humanized mice with both human immune system and liver cells. Dual reconstituted immunodeficient mice achieved via intrasplenic injection of human hepatocytes and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells are susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection and recapitulate liver damage as observed in HIV-infected patients.
Dagur, R. S., Wang, W., Makarov, E., Sun, Y., Poluektova, L. Y. Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis. J. Vis. Exp. (151), e58645, doi:10.3791/58645 (2019).