Generating the Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination in a Rat Model
Published: May 31, 2024
Abstract
Source: Üçal, M. et al., Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)
The video demonstrates a method for generating a rat model with widespread cerebral cortical demyelination. This involves disrupting the blood-brain barrier by injecting pro-inflammatory cytokines into mice primed with recombinant myelin sheath protein. This process facilitates the infiltration of immune cells, resulting in widespread cerebral cortical demyelination.
Protocol
All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board. 1. Material Preparation NOTE: The surgery is conducted under aseptic conditions. Prior to starting, make sure that all surgical instruments, including the drill bits, are cleaned with an appropriate disinfectant. Prepare an anesthetic mixture: 0.02 mg/mL of fentanyl, 0.4 mg/mL o…
Representative Results
Figure 1: Preparation of the catheter. (A and B) The guide cannula and the dummy cannula (catheter cap with inlet) are assembled and screwed. (C) Then the catheter is cut to 2 mm in size with the help of a scalpel. The microscopic observation showed that the usage of scissors for that purpose distorts the circular shape of the cannula tip, and, t…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Materials
| Adult male Dark Agouti rats (300 ±25 g) | |||
| Fentanyl | Hameln pharma plus, Germany | As Fentanyl-Citrate, 50 µg/ml | |
| Midazolam | ERWO Pharma, Austria | 50039017 | 5 mg/ml |
| Medetomidin | Orion Pharma, Finland | As Medetomidin hydrochloride, 1mg/ml | |
| Flumazenil | Roche, Switzerland | 0.1 mg/ml | |
| Atipamezol | Orion Pharma, Finland | As Atipamezol hydrochloride, 5 mg/ml | |
| 10% povidone-iodine complex | Mundipharma, Austria | ||
| Dental cement | Heraeus Kulzer, Germany | 6603 7633 | |
| Physiological saline solution | Fresenius Kabi, Austria | 0.9% NaCl | |
| Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) | Sigma-Aldrich, Germany | P3813 | |
| Isofluorane | AbbVie, Austria | ||
| Lubricating eye drops | Thea Pharma, Austria | ||
| 70% EtOH | Merck, Germany | 1070172511 | Absolute ethanol was diluted in ddH2O for preparation of 70% v/v |
| 2.5% Enrofloxacin | Bayer, Germany | Prophylactic antibiotics | |
| Carprofen | Pfizer, USA | Painkillers, 50 mg/ml | |
| Tween-20 | Sigma-Aldrich, Germany | P9416 | |
| Pentobarbital | Richter Pharma, Austria | Pentobarbital sodium, 400 mg/ml | |
| Interferon gamma | PeproTech, USA | 400-20 | |
| Tumor necrosis factor alfa | R&D Systems, USA | 510-RT-050/CF | |
| rMOG1-125 | own product at the Centre of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden | Recombinant rat myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, amino acids 1-125 from the N-terminus, also commercially available: AnaSpec, AS-55152-500, USA | |
| Incomplete Freund’s adjuvant | Sigma-Aldrich, Germany | F5506 | |
| Bovine serum albumin | Sigma-Aldrich, Germany | A9576 | |
| Peroxidase substrate solution | Vector Laboratories, USA | SK-45000 | |
| Stereotactic frame | David Kopf Instruments, USA | ||
| Catheters, MRI suitable | PlasticsOne, USA | 8IC315GPKXXC | |
| Dummy cannulas | PlasticsOne, USA | 8IC315DCNSPC | |
| Plastic screws, MRI suitable | PlasticsOne, USA | 8L080X093N01 | |
| Connector cannula | PlasticsOne, USA | 8IC313CXSPCC | |
| Screw driver with 2mm tip-size | |||
| Drill with flexible shaft extension | Proxxon, Germany | NO 28 472, NO 28 706, NO 28 620, | |
| Drill bit, round, 0.5 mm | Hager & Meisinger, Germany | REF310 104 001 001 009 | |
| Drill bit, twisted, 1.3 mm | Hager & Meisinger, Germany | REF350 104 417 364 013 | |
| Scalpel | Braun, Germany | BB510 | |
| Scalpel handle | Fine Science Tools, Germany | 91003-12 | |
| Cotton tip applicator | Henry Schein Medical, Austria | 900-3155 | |
| Surgical scissors | Fine Science Tools, Germany | 14101-14, 14088-10 | |
| Surgical forceps | Fine Science Tools, Germany | 11002-12, 11251-35 | |
| Bulldog clamps | Fine Science Tools, Germany | 18050-35 | |
| Homoeothermic blanket | TSE systems, Germany | ||
| Infrared Lamp | Beurer, Germany | 616.51 | |
| Dental curing light | Guilin Woodpecker Medical, China | ||
| Absorbable suture | Johnson & Johnson, Belgium | V792E | |
| Programmable syringe pump | World Precision Instruments, USA | AL-1000 | |
| Exam gloves | |||
| Surgical gown | |||
| Electric Shaver | Aesculap, Germany | GT420 | |
| Volatile anesthetic vaporizer | Rothacher Medical, Switzerland | CV 30-301-D | |
| Oxygen source for volatile anesthetic vaporizer | Air Liquide, Austria | 19,113 | |
| Volatile anesthesia chamber | Rothacher Medical, Switzerland | PS-0347 | |
| Anesthesia mask for rats | Rothacher Medical, Switzerland | PS-0307-A | |
| 1 ml syringe | Codan, Denmark | REF 62.1612 | |
| 26 Gauge needle for injection | Braun, Germany | 4657683 | |
| 20 Gauge needle for cytokine injection and immunization | Braun, Germany | 4657519 | |
| Luer lock tip glass syringes | Poulten & Graf, Germany | 7.140-37 | |
| 3 way stopcock | Becton Dickinson, Sweden | 394600 | |
| 37°C incubator | Kendro, Germany | 50042301 | |
| Micropipettes | Gilson, USA | F167350 |
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Cite This Article
Generating the Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination in a Rat Model. J. Vis. Exp. (Pending Publication), e22250, doi: (2024).