Chapter 7
Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
![Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12269.jpg)
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain…
![Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12981.jpg)
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½,…
![Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12983.jpg)
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the…
![Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12984.jpg)
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher…
![Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12986.jpg)
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an…
![Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12987.jpg)
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins…
![NMR Spectrometers: Overview](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12270.jpg)
NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of…
![NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13167.jpg)
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon…
![High-Sensitivity Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Giga-Pascal Pressures: A New Tool for Probing Electronic and Chemical Properties of Condensed Matter under Extreme Conditions](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/52243_t.png)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is one of the most important techniques for the study of condensed matter systems, their chemical structure, and…
![Sample Preparation of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> Extracts for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomic Studies](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/3673_t.png)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major cause of mortality in human beings on a global scale. The emergence of both multi- (MDR) and extensively-(XDR)…