Chapter 18
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
![Endocytosis](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11883.jpg)
Eukaryotic cells acquire nutrients for growth and proliferation. Nutrients and other molecules that require degradation are internalized from the…
![Phagocytosis](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11884.jpg)
Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular…
![Receptor-mediated Endocytosis](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11886.jpg)
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The…
![The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11887.jpg)
Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated…
![Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11889.jpg)
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome…
![Receptor Downregulation in MVBs](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12242.jpg)
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins.…
![Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11890.jpg)
The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway.…
![Transcytosis of IgG](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12554.jpg)
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the…
![Overview of Secretory Vesicles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11892.jpg)
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or…
![Insulin Secretory Vesicles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/12220.jpg)
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels…
![Using Enhanced Green Fluorescence Protein-expressing <em>Escherichia Coli</em> to Assess Mouse Peritoneal Macrophage Phagocytosis](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/58751_t.png)
This manuscript describes a simple and reproducible method to perform a phagocytosis assay. The first part of this method involves building a…
![Extracellular Vesicle Uptake Assay <em>via</em> Confocal Microscope Imaging Analysis](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/62836_t.png)
There is a need for practical assays to visualize and quantify the cells' extracellular vesicle (EV) uptake. EV uptake plays a role in intercellular…