Methods for purifying the cholesterol binding toxin streptolysin O from recombinant E. coli and visualization of toxin binding to live eukaryotic cells are described. Localized delivery of toxin induces rapid and complex changes in targeted cells revealing novel aspects of toxin biology.
Keyel, P. A., Heid, M. E., Watkins, S. C., Salter, R. D. Visualization of Bacterial Toxin Induced Responses Using Live Cell Fluorescence Microscopy. J. Vis. Exp. (68), e4227, doi:10.3791/4227 (2012).