The present protocol explains a method to feed pesticide-contaminated provisions to the larvae of the solitary bees, Osmia excavata. The procedure examines the ecotoxicity of the pesticide to the larvae of the solitary bees.
Song, Y., Li, R., Li, L., Ouyang, F., Men, X. Evaluating the Effect of Pesticides on the Larvae of the Solitary Bees. J. Vis. Exp. (176), e62946, doi:10.3791/62946 (2021).