In wood construction, fasteners are essential for securing components together, with the connection strength largely dependent on the direct bearing between members. Various types of fasteners are employed, each suited to specific applications and structural requirements.
Nails are the most common fasteners, consisting of sharp-pointed metal pins that are driven into wood using a hammer or a mechanical nail gun. They come in a variety of diameters, heads, and lengths. Nailing techniques include face nailing, end nailing, and toe nailing, each method providing different angles and strengths of wood member connections.
Screws are another type of fastener, characterized by their spiral threads which allow for a secure grip when twisted into wood. The installation involves a twisting motion that pulls the screw into the wood, creating a stronghold. Screws are available in various types, each designed for specific uses.
Bolts provide a more robust connection. They are threaded fasteners which are inserted into predrilled holes. A nut is used to secure the bolt, and the nut is tightened with a wrench. Flat steel washers placed under the bolt head and nut help distribute the force over a larger area, preventing the crushing of wood fibers.
Other fasteners, such as split-ring connectors, toothed plates, and metal framing devices, also play crucial roles in wood construction, enhancing the durability and integrity of wood structures. These fasteners are vital for maintaining structural stability and ensuring the longevity of wood constructions.
