A protocol for characterizing chemical composition of exhaled breath in real time by using secondary nanoelectrospray ionization coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry is demonstrated.
Li, X., Huang, D. D., Du, R., Zhang, Z. J., Chan, C. K., Huang, Z. X., Zhou, Z. Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. J. Vis. Exp. (133), e56465, doi:10.3791/56465 (2018).