Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder that impairs the body’s ability to produce or use insulin. In healthy individuals, insulin binding triggers the expression of glucose transporters in cells, facilitating glucose uptake. But, in the case of diabetes, this process gets impaired, resulting in glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing hyperglycemia. Based on underlying causes, diabetes can be categorized into several subtypes, such as type I, type II, and gestational diabetes. Type I diabetes commonly occurs in children and adolescents. It is an autoimmune disorder resulting from the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, insulin levels become extremely low or absent. If left untreated, diabetes can result in severe complications like heart disease, kidney malfunction, and nerve damage. Type I diabetes treatment typically involves administering insulin via injections or insulin pumps and is called the insulin-dependent subtype. While type I diabetes risk factors are not well-defined, having a family history significantly increases the risk.