Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats) exceeds 130 mmHg, and diastolic pressure (the bottom number, indicating pressure between beats) surpasses 80 mmHg on two separate occasions.
Hypotension (Low blood pressure)
Hypotension is identified when systolic blood pressure falls below 90 mmHg, and diastolic pressure drops below 60 mmHg. This condition may lead to inadequate blood flow to organs, resulting in various symptoms.