Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The entire handwashing procedure takes about forty to sixty seconds, depending on the extent of contamination. A minimum of 20 seconds is required for scrubbing. Before beginning the wash, any rings, bracelets, or wristwatches should be removed and sleeves rolled up. Long sleeves hinder the washing of wrists and can cause quick re-contamination, while wearing jewelry or a wristwatch allows microorganisms to remain on and beneath the accessory after handwashing, so it is best to avoid these if possible. Any cuts on the hands should be covered with a waterproof dressing, as breaks in the skin may allow potential pathogens to gain entry. Fingernails should be kept short and clean, with no nail polish or fake nails, as these can carry dirt and bacteria. To begin handwashing, turn on the tap water at a flow rate that prevents splashing, and allow it to run until it feels comfortably warm. Warm water is comfortable and removes oils from the skin. Then, wet the hands and wrists with water and apply enough soap to cover all surfaces. Soap lathers with water to speed up handwashing and removes dirt, organic material, and microorganisms.