Özet

针灸治疗慢性缺氧诱导认知功能障碍小鼠模型

Published: December 08, 2023
doi:

Özet

在这里,我们描述了一种在慢性缺氧小鼠模型上实施轻度麻醉和针灸治疗的方案,并进行行为测试以评估治疗后的认知改变。

Abstract

中枢神经紊乱的治疗一直对医学领域构成重大挑战。针灸是一种植根于传统中医的非药物实践,需要将细针插入身体的精确穴位,通常用于治疗各种疾病。最近,针灸已成为治疗一系列神经系统疾病(包括焦虑症和呼吸系统疾病)的有前途的治疗干预措施。然而,针灸治疗慢性缺氧引起的认知功能障碍的潜力尚未得到探索。本文提出了一个全面的方案,用于建立慢性缺氧诱导的认知障碍小鼠模型、进行轻度麻醉、进行针灸治疗以及使用开放场测试和水迷宫评估行为变化和记忆能力。分步协议提供了有关准确定位和定位穴位和针头以改善认知的详细说明。通过采用该协议,研究人员可以进行系统研究,以彻底评估针灸治疗认知功能障碍的潜力。

Introduction

全球人口目前正面临严重的老龄化问题,导致认知障碍的患病率迅速增加。全球认知障碍的发病率约为每 1000 人年 53.97 例1。血管功能障碍或循环/呼吸系统疾病引起的慢性脑缺氧仍然是年龄相关性痴呆的主要危险因素之一2。先前的研究表明,脑缺氧可以通过改变 BACE1 表达来增加淀粉样蛋白β沉积3。此外,缺氧与神经胶质细胞失调和神经炎症有关 4,5。尽管这个问题越来越严重,但目前缺乏有效的西药来预防慢性缺氧引起的认知能力下降。非药物中医,特别是针灸,已被用于治疗认知障碍数千年,并在缓解神经退行性疾病方面显示出可喜的效果6,7。百慧穴、神庭穴、祖三里穴位是治疗认知功能障碍的有效穴位8,9。临床研究表明,电针疗法可显著改善血管性认知障碍患者的蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)和简易精神状态检查(MMSE)评分,有效改善认知功能障碍8。尽管研究表明针灸可以显着增强动脉结扎大鼠的记忆能力——急性脑缺氧模型10,急性脑缺氧模型,但没有关于针灸对任何具有慢性缺氧诱导认知障碍的啮齿动物模型的影响的报道。缺乏对该机制的研究极大地阻碍了其临床应用。

先前的研究表明,将大鼠置于缺氧环境中 8 周可以显着提高大脑中的氧化应激和炎症水平,导致记忆功能下降11.本研究旨在探讨针灸对啮齿动物模型的影响,以加深我们的理解。然而,值得注意的是,在啮齿动物的针灸治疗期间通常需要麻醉,因为在反复刺激期间可能会引起躁动。长时间麻醉会显着影响小鼠的认知功能,因为大多数麻醉药物会抑制神经活动并阻碍信息处理,导致行为缺陷12。几项研究表明,施用 2.5% 七氟醚持续 6 小时会显着损害小鼠的空间记忆、学习能力和注意力13。此外,有证据表明,高剂量麻醉可能导致小鼠神经元死亡或神经损伤14。因此,必须确定一种合适的方法,以尽量减少麻醉的总使用量。在这项研究中,我们介绍了一种有效的针灸方法来治疗认知障碍小鼠,以及评估其记忆能力的行为测试。重要的是,我们提出了一种改进的预处理麻醉技术,可以有效减少实验期间施用的麻醉总剂量。

Protocol

动物实验经河北夷陵医学研究院动物研究伦理委员会批准(批准文号:N2022148)。将体重18-22 g的雄性C57BL/6J小鼠(见 材料表)安置在河北夷陵医学研究所新药评价中心。他们每天获得正常的食物和干净的水,并暴露在人造光下12小时。房间的温度控制在20-26°C,相对湿度为40%-70%。 1.慢性缺氧小鼠模型的建立(图1) …

Representative Results

在开阔场实验中表征小鼠运动轨迹轨迹图显示,正常组中的小鼠表现出在陌生环境中探索的强烈倾向。他们的活动轨迹主要集中在角落,同时覆盖整个空地(左图)。相比之下,长期缺氧模型组的小鼠表现出探索新环境的欲望显着减弱。它们主要在角落里徘徊,没有表现出任何朝向空旷场地中心(中间面板)的探索行为。针灸治疗后,缺氧诱导的小鼠的探索活动得到改善,并且它?…

Discussion

针灸是一种起源于2000多年前中国的非药物医学实践,涉及将细针插入身体的特定穴位,称为穴位。这些点被认为通过通道或经络连接,身体的生命能量或“气”通过这些通道或经络流动24.通过刺激这些穴位,针灸旨在恢复身体的平衡与和谐。它已被证明可以有效治疗各种疾病,包括慢性疼痛、焦虑/抑郁、消化问题、月经来潮和呼吸系统疾病 25,26,27,28,29。</s…

Açıklamalar

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

这项工作得到了河北省科技计划项目(NO.E2020100001和NO.22372502D)和石家庄市高水平科技创新创业人才项目(NO.07202203)的支持。

Materials

10% paraformaldehyde solution Bioroyee (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd RL3234
ANY-maze Science  SA201 Video tracking system
C75BL/6J mice BEIJING HFK BIOSCIENCE CO.,LTD No.110322220103041767 Gender: Male,  Weight: 18–22 g
Electroacupuncture device Great Wall KWD-808 I
Hwato acupuncture  needle Suzhou Medical Appliance Factory 2655519 
Isoflurane RWD Life Science Co.,Ltd R510-22
NanoZoomer Digital Pathology Hamamatsu Photonics K. K C9600-01
Small animal anesthesia machine RWD YL-LE-A106

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Bu Makaleden Alıntı Yapın
Wan, F., Guo, Z., Wang, M., Hou, Y., Wang, L., Li, W., Kang, N., Zhu, P., Li, M. Acupuncture Treatment in a Mouse Model of Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction. J. Vis. Exp. (202), e65784, doi:10.3791/65784 (2023).

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