Técnica minimamente invasiva para a injeção em Rat Optic Nerve
Summary
Direct injection into the rat optic nerve is useful for regenerative research. We demonstrate a minimally-invasive technique for direct injection into a rat optic nerve that does not involve opening the skull. Using this method, surgical complications are minimized and recovery is more rapid.
Abstract
The rat optic nerve is a useful model for stem cell regeneration research. Direct injection into the rat optic nerve allows delivery into the central nervous system in a minimally-invasive surgery without bone removal. This technique describes an approach to visualization and direct injection of the optic nerve following minor fascial dissection from the orbital ridge, using a conjunctival traction suture to gently pull the eye down and out. Representative examples of an injected optic nerve show successful injection of dyed beads.
Introduction
O nervo óptico oferece uma localização ideal para o sistema nervoso central (SNC) de pesquisa regenerativa incluindo condições oftalmológicas como a neurite óptica, glaucoma e trauma. As injecções de uma variedade de células estaminais quer demonstraram eficácia ou mostraram-se promissores na substituição de mielina perdido, aumentando a contagem axonal e / ou prevenção de doenças degenerativas. 1,2
O nervo óptico humano contém aproximadamente 1,2 milhões de axónios que viajam paralelas da retina para o quiasma com um diâmetro de cerca de 3,0-3,5 mm. 3 Para modelar doenças humanas em laboratório, o rato tem sido utilizado frequentemente. O nervo óptico de rato adulto contém cerca de 100.000 axónios dentro de um diâmetro de aproximadamente 0,5 mm. 4 Uma das principais limitações na pesquisa no SNC regenerativo é desossada acesso directo. As complicações e riscos cirúrgicos para o animal são maiores quando o crânio ou vértebras são removidos. Similar aos benefícios deabordagens minimamente invasivas da coluna vertebral, 5 injeções diretas do nervo óptico sem abrir o crânio de oferta reduzida complicações e uma recuperação mais rápida.
Esta técnica tem sido utilizada em estudos anteriores. 6 Neste manuscrito e vídeo acompanhante, que demonstram um procedimento minimamente invasivo para injectar células estaminais no nervo óptico de rato.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Direct injection into the optic nerve of stem cells or other products intended to facilitate regeneration provides a convenient model compared to other means of injections into the CNS. This technique takes less time, requires less total anesthesia, avoids drilling or removing skull or bone tissue, reduces complications rates and allows for more rapid recovery following surgery.
The most critical steps in this protocol include: 1. Adequate hemostasis in the surgical field to allow clear visua…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by NeuralStem, Inc., and Johns Hopkins Project RESTORE.
Materials
| Name of Material/ Equipment | Company | Catalog Number | Comments/Description |
| Lewis rat | Charles River | 4 | Any rat strain will work. |
| Anesthesia machine | Surgivet | CDS9000 | CDS 9000 Small Animal Anesthesia Machine – Pole Mount |
| Infusion pump | Stoelting | 53129 | |
| Dissection microscope | National Optical | 409-411-1105 | |
| Fiber-optic light source | Fisher Scientific | 12-562-21 | |
| Dissection and Stereotaxic Instrument | Stoelting | 51400 | |
| Pipette Puller | Kopf | 750 | |
| Pipettes | World Precision Instruments | 18150-6 | |
| Disposable scalpel blades | Harvard Apparatus | 810-15-021 | |
| Iridectomy scissors | Electron Microscopy Sciences | Uniband LA-4XF |
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