Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation-Coupled Photoactivated Localization Microscopy
Published: May 31, 2023
Abstract
Source: Nickerson, A. et al., Photoactivated Localization Microscopy with Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC-PALM). J. Vis. Exp. (2015)
This video describes BiFC-PALM ― a combination of photoactivated localization microscopy and bimolecular fluorescence complementation ― to assess protein-protein interactions. BiFC involves the fusion of two fluorescent protein fragments with two interacting proteins of interest. When the two proteins interact, the fragments are brought into proximity, which allows the two parts to come together and reconstitute a functional fluorescent protein. The fluorescence of a single fluorophore is localized at a single molecule level inside cells by PALM.
Protocol
1. Cloning Determine the configurations to clone and choose a linker. Tag proteins with the fragments on the N- or C-terminus as described below so they do not disrupt their proper localization. Use a flexible linker such as (GGGGS)x2. Genetically tag the proteins of interest to the PAmCherry1 fragments. As one option, use the cloning plasmids listed in the Materials List containing the fragments RN (PAmCherry1 residues 1-159) and RC (Met plus PAmCherry1 residues 160-236) with flanking MCS sequences…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Materials
| Microscope frame | Nikon | Ti-U | |
| 60X oil immersion TIRF objective with 1.49 NA | Nikon | CFI Apo TIRF 60x H | |
| EMCCD camera | Andor | iXon Ultra 897 | |
| 561 nm laser | Opto Engine | MGL-FN-561 | |
| 405 nm laser | Coherent | CUBE-405 50mW | |
| 561 nm dichroic mirror | Semrock | Di01-R405/488/561/635-25×36 | |
| 561 nm filter | Semrock | FF01-525/45-25 | |
| 405/561 nm notch filter | Semrock | NF01-405/488/568-25 | |
| Temperature and CO2 controlled stage | Tokai Hit | INUBG2ATW-PLAM | |
| pENTR-D-TOPO PAmCherry1_1-159-MCS | Addgene | 60545 | |
| ENTR-D-TOPO PAmCherry160-236-MCS | Addgene | 60546 | |
| pcDNA3.2-DEST | Life Technologies | 12489-019 | |
| pLenti-DEST | Addgene | http://www.addgene.org/ | |
| Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase | Thermo Scientific | F-531 | |
| In-Fusion HD Cloning | Clontech | 639649 | |
| LR Clonase | Life Technologies | 11791 | |
| Vira Power Lentivirus Packaging | Life Technologies | K497500 | |
| X-tremeGENE Transfection Reagent | Roche | 13873800 | |
| Lab-Tek II Chambered Coverglass | Thermo Scientific | 155409 | #1.5 glass bottom dishes |
| U2OS cells | ATCC | HTB-96 | |
| 293T/17 cells | ATCC | CRL-11268 | |
| DMEM with phenol red | Life Technologies | 11995 | |
| DMEM no phenol red | Life Technologies | 21063 | |
| Fetal bovine serum | Life Technologies | 10082 | |
| Leibovit's L-15, no phenol red | Life Technologies | 21083-027 | |
| Reduced serum medium | Life Technologies | 31985 | |
| Phosphate Buffered Saline | Life Technologies | 14040 | |
| Syringe | BD Biosciences | 309604 | |
| Syringe filter | Millipore | SLHV033RB | |
| Lentiviral concentrator | Clontech | 631231 | |
| Retroviral concentrator | Clontech | 631455 | |
| 10 cm culture dish | BD Biosciences | 353003 | |
| 6-well culture plate | BD Biosciences | 353046 | |
| Polybrene | BD Biosciences | 353046 | |
| Puromycin | Life Technologies | A11138 | |
| G-418 | Calbiochem | 345812 | Neomycin |
| Doxycyline | Fisher | BP2653 | |
| Tris base | Fisher | BP152 | |
| EDTA | Sigma | EDS | |
| Sodium Hydroxide | Sigma | S5881 | |
| Paraformaldehyde | Sigma | 158127 | |
| Glutaraldehyde | Sigma | G6257 | |
| PIPES | Sigma | P6757 | |
| HEPES | Sigma | H4034 | |
| EGTA | Sigma | 3777 | |
| Magnesium Sulfate | Sigma | M2643 | |
| Potassium Hydroxide | Sigma | 221473 | |
| Sodium chloride | Fisher | BP358 | |
| Magnesium chloride | Fisher | M33 | |
| 100 nm gold particles | BBI Solutions | EM.GC100 | |
| Molecular grade water | Life Technologies | 10977 | |
| Dpn1 | New England Biolabs | R0176 | |
| PCR purification kit | Qiagen | 28104 | |
| Miniprep kit | Qiagen | 27104 | |
| Midiprep kit | Macherey-Nagel | 740410 | |
| 0.6 ml microcentrifuge tubes | Fisher | 05-408-120 | |
| 1.5 ml microcentrifuge tubes | Fisher | 05-408-137 | |
| 15 ml tubes | Fisher | 05-539-12 | |
| 5 ml polypropylene round-bottom tubes | BD Biosciences | 352063 | |
| 14 ml polypropylene round-bottom tubes | BD Biosciences | 352059 | |
| 50 ml tube | BD Biosciences | 352070 | |
| PCR tube | GeneMate | C-3328-1 | |
| SOC medium | Life Technologies | 15544 | |
| LB broth | BD Biosciences | 244610 | |
| Kanamycin sulfate | Fisher | BP906 | |
| Competent cells | Life Technologies | C4040 |
Tags
Cite This Article
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation-Coupled Photoactivated Localization Microscopy. J. Vis. Exp. (Pending Publication), e21410, doi: (2023).