Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of live Drosophila melanogaster using Magic Angle Spinning
1NMR Surgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery,Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 2Shriners Burn Institute, 3Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center of Biomedical Imaging,Harvard Medical School, 4Molecular Surgery Laboratory, Department of Surgery,Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
Summary
This technique enables the use of high-resolution magic angle spinning proton MR spectroscopy (HRMAS 1H-MRS) for molecular characterization of live Drosophila melanogaster with a conventional 14.1 tesla spectrometer equipped with an HRMAS probe.
Abstract
High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is a novel non-destructive technique that improves spectral line-widths and allows high-resolution spectra to be obtained from extracts, intact cells, cell cultures, and more importantly intact tissue to investigate relationships between metabolites and cellular processes. In vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS studies have yet to be reported in the live fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila, as a simpler genetic organism, allows the multiple biological functions and various evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways to be examined at the whole organism level and it is a useful model for investigating genetics and physiology. To this end, we developed and implemented an in vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS method to investigate live Drosophila at 14.1 T. Here, we outline an HRMAS 1H-MRS protocol for the molecular characterization of Drosophila with a conventional MR spectrometer equipped with an HRMAS probe. This technique is a novel, in vivo, non-destructive Drosophila metabolite measurement approach, which enables the identification of disease biomarkers and thus may contribute to novel therapeutic development.
Protocol
Part 1: Preparing Drosophila for HRMAS Measurements Using standard flylab procedures 1, collect newly eclosing flies for 3 days and transfer them to fly vials containing fresh fly food. Incubate the collected flies for 5 days so that the flies will become 5-8 days old just prior to the experiment. Only one sex (usually males) is used for experiments. Use healthy, intact wild type flies to compare with treated e.g. traumatized or genetically altered flies 1. …
Discussion
With the exception of the recent report of the feasibility of in vivo MRI in fruit flies 6, in vivo MRS studies in Drosophila have not yet been reported. In the present protocol, we describe the implementation of a novel in vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS approach for detecting biologically important molecules. Specifically, we detected lipids and small metabolites in live Drosophila flies at 14.1 T in approximately 45 min, which allows adequate acquisition time, while…
Declarações
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported in part by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant AI063433 to Laurence G. Rahme, a National Institute Institutes of Health (NIH) Center Grant (P50GM021700) to Ronald G. Tompkins (A. Aria Tzika, Director of the NMR core), and a Shriner’s Hospital for Children research grant (#8893) to A. Aria Tzika. We thank Dionyssios Mintzopoulos Ph.D. for assistance in the initial phases of developing this protocol and Ovidiu C. Andronesi Ph.D. for assistance with the TOBSY pulse sequence.
Materials
| Material Name | Tipo | Company | Catalogue Number | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deuterium oxide | Reagent | Sigma-Aldrich | 7789-20-0 | |
| 3-(trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid | Reagent | Sigma-Aldrich | 24493-21-8 | |
| agar, sucrose, yeast, cornmeal | Food | Genesee Scientific Corporation | http://www.flystuff.com/ | |
| Oregon RS or Canton-S flies | Adult fly lines | Bloomington Stock Center | http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/ | |
| Paintbrush | Equipment | (size 0) | ||
| 2ml tubes | Equipment | Fisher Scientific | K749521-1590 | |
| Fly incubators | Equipment | high humidity capacity (60-75%), adjustable temperature, and a 12 h:12 h light: dark cycle. | ||
| Bruker Bio-Spin Avance NMR spectrometer (600.13 MHz) 4mm triple resonance (1H, 13C, 2H) HRMAS probe | Equipment | Bruker Bio-Spin | ||
| BTO-2000 unit in combination with a MAS pneumatic unit | Equipment | Bruker Bio-Spin | ||
| 4mm zirconium oxide rotor (capacity 50 ul) | Equipment | Bruker Bio-Spin | B3829 (Bruker store) | |
| MestReC (Mestrelab Research) | Software | 1D NMR spectra analysis http://mestrelab.com/ |
||
| SPARKY 3, USCF | Software | 2D NMR spectra
analysis
http://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/home/sparky/ |
Referências
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Tags
Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyLive Drosophila MelanogasterMagic Angle SpinningHigh-Resolution Magic Angle SpinningHRMAS Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy1H-MRSNon-destructive TechniqueSpectral Line-widthsHigh-resolution SpectraMetabolitesCellular ProcessesIn Vivo StudiesFruit Fly Drosophila MelanogasterGenetic OrganismBiological FunctionsSignaling PathwaysGenetics And PhysiologyIn Vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS Method14.1 TMR SpectrometerHRMAS ProbeMolecular CharacterizationDisease BiomarkersTherapeutic Development
Citar este artigo
Righi, V., Apidianakis, Y., Rahme, L. G., Tzika, A. A. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of live Drosophila melanogaster using Magic Angle Spinning. J. Vis. Exp. (38), e1710, doi:10.3791/1710 (2010).