Masonry curtain walls employ brick or stone veneers supported by the building's structure to form an external cladding system that is both aesthetically appealing and functional. These walls are erected through two principal techniques, first by traditional layering of masonry units and second by using prefabricated panels. Traditional construction relies on steel shelf angles attached to the spandrel beam for support, with high-bond mortars ensuring secure attachment of masonry veneer units. Integral to this system is the backup wall, usually made from concrete units or steel studs, providing support for flashing, insulation, and interior finishes. The backup wall is linked to the curtain wall via joint reinforcing and masonry ties that allow for movement between the two, maintaining structural integrity. This method incorporates expansion joints to manage thermal changes and some instances, a provision for cavity and weep holes behind the veneer to effectively prevent moisture ingress. Prefabricated panels, assembled on the ground and lifted into place, offer a time-efficient alternative, using a plastic gasket form liner inside a form for brick placement, reinforcement, and concrete overlay, creating durable, integrated panels.
