Accurately measuring temperature and water content of the upper 5 mm of the soil surface can improve our understanding of environmental controls on biological, chemical, and physical processes. Here we describe a protocol for manufacturing, calibrating, and conducting measurements with soil surface temperature and moisture sensors.
Howell, A., Tucker, C., Grote, E. E., Veste, M., Belnap, J., Kast, G., Weber, B., Reed, S. C. Manufacturing Simple and Inexpensive Soil Surface Temperature and Gravimetric Water Content Sensors. J. Vis. Exp. (154), e60308, doi:10.3791/60308 (2019).