The dot product of any two vectors is the product of the magnitude of the vectors and the cosine of the angle between them. Consider an object being pulled by a vehicle along the ground by a rope. If the rope makes an angle theta with the horizontal axis, then the work done can be calculated using the dot product of the force applied to displace the object by a certain distance. The dot product of any two vectors expressed in Cartesian form can be determined by multiplying their corresponding x, y, and z components and adding their products algebraically. Suppose the angle theta is unknown, dot product can be used to determine the angle between the two vectors using the inverse cosine function. The force component along the direction of the displacement can be determined by taking a dot product of the vector with a unit vector that defines its direction. The dot product of vectors always follows the commutative law and the distributive law of addition and multiplication.