Chapter 7
Structure and Organization of DNA
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature.…
A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people…
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA…
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a…
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted…
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational…
Acetylated histone proteins can be easily expressed in Escherichia coli encoding a mutant, Nε-acetyl-lysine (AcK)-specific Methanosarcina mazi…
CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
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Recent studies have clearly shown that long-range, three-dimensional chromatin looping interactions play a significant role in the regulation of gene…