Summary

稳定慢性阻塞性肺病患者家庭处方肺运动

Published: August 24, 2019
doi:

Summary

这里介绍的是一个协议,以研究家庭处方肺运动对稳定慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者的影响,这是根据呼吸困难和有限,根据中国传统运动修改在慢性阻塞性肺病患者中观察到的运动能力。

Abstract

慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)作为一种全身性疾病,影响呼吸系统,引起不安和运动呼吸困难。它还影响运动能力,形成恶性循环,进一步加剧患者病情,加速疾病进展。传统的中国运动(TCE)作为一种功能性的整体练习,在调节呼吸、协调运动的基础上,在COPD的康复中起着重要的作用。本研究调查了处方肺运动(从TCE修改)对上肢和下肢运动能力、耐力锻炼能力和稳定COPD患者生活质量的影响。目标是确定这些规定的练习在慢性阻塞性肺病康复中的可及性。参与者被随机分为非运动对照组(CG)或规定的肺运动组(PG),比例为1:1。PG 每周 7 天,每天接受 60 分钟的干预,共 3 个月。强度使用博格类别比 10 刻度和心率监视器进行测量。然后,在正式干预前后的1周内进行运动能力测试和生活质量问卷。经过3个月的干预,30秒的手臂卷曲测试,30秒坐到站测试,6分钟步行测试,生活质量显示COPD患者显著改善(p<0.05)。这些发现表明,处方肺运动可以作为替代,方便,有效的家庭和社区为基础的运动,为稳定的慢性阻塞性肺病患者。

Introduction

慢性非传染性疾病已逐渐成为全球健康的最大威胁,占全球死亡率的70%。大多数此类死亡是由四种主要疾病引起的,而慢性阻塞性肺病排名第三,仅次于心血管疾病和癌症。此外,COPD在导致生命丧失数年的排名从2007年的第11位上升到2017年的第七位。这一变化表明目前治疗对COPD进展康复的影响不尽人意。更多的研究已经认识到,慢性阻塞性肺病不仅是一种呼吸道疾病,而且是一种复杂、多系统、多复杂的情况2,3。COPD并发症(即骨骼肌功能障碍)存在于疾病的所有阶段,并在进展和预后4中发挥重要作用。考虑到呼吸症状与运动能力之间的相互作用,运动能力的恢复得到了很多关注。

肺康复作为一项综合干预计划,包括但不限于运动训练、健康教育和自我管理,已对COPD患者的身体和心理状况表现出有效。在不同类型的运动训练中,有氧运动对提高耐力和肌肉力量起着至关重要的作用。相比之下,阻力运动在提高肌肉力量和功能锻炼能力方面显示出优势。此外,这两种运动类型的干预机制也不同。与阻力运动相比,有氧运动在调节炎症细胞因子水平和诱导四头肌8、9的氧化表型方面更有效。

虽然这两种常规运动在肺康复中的效果已经得到证明,但无论地点(在医院还是在家里)10、11,常规运动训练的实施仍在由于特定设备、宽敞空间和安全监控的要求而受到限制。这些限制不仅给患者家庭带来负担,而且给医疗保健系统带来负担。替代干预,如神经肌肉电刺激和全身振动训练,有相同的限制12,13。

传统的中国运动(TCE),包括太极拳、刘子菊、吴琴西、巴段金、易锦静等,属于自体类,侧重于呼吸的调整,伴着协调动作。这些练习还依靠心理-生理-形态机制来实现与健康相关的健身。以前的研究表明,1) TCE 作为一种中低强度有氧运动,诱导最大心率为 43%-49% 14,2) 运动强度范围为 1.5 到 2.6 代谢等效能量 (MET)15,3)它发挥积极通过临床和家庭康复对患有稳定慢性阻塞性肺病的患者的影响,包括16、17、18、19。与传统的锻炼训练相比,TCE 的优点是无需任何设备或空间限制即可轻松在家中执行。

作为一种改良的TCE,本议定书中描述的处方肺运动是从中医理论发展起来的,旨在恢复COPD呼吸困难和运动能力。以往的研究表明,运动能力(6分钟步行试验,6MWT),日常生活(中山COPD生活质量问卷)和处方肺后COPD患者全身炎症水平有显著改善练习20.然而,规定肺运动对上肢和下肢运动能力和COPD患者生活质量的影响仍不清楚。

本研究比较了3个月常规药物治疗,无需运动干预(对照组,CG)与3个月的处方肺运动干预(PG)在稳定的COPD患者,以调查处方肺运动的效果。上肢运动能力对上肢运动能力的影响通过30秒手臂卷曲测试进行评估,对下肢运动能力的影响由30秒坐到站测试(30秒SST)评估,对耐力锻炼能力的影响由6分钟步行测试(6MWT)评估,效果圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评估的生活质量。

Protocol

该议定书已获上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医综合医院伦理委员会批准。 1. 视频构建和学习设计 构建规定的肺运动的视频。我们的视频基于中国国家体育总局发布的TCE视频。 在视频中,有一个研究小组的成员在宽敞的地方展示,并给出一个一般介绍规定肺运动的不同特点。 让成员模拟不同维度的练习,以阐明这些特征。注:此处使用的视频是中文?…

Representative Results

上述方案描述了一个随机对照试验,以调查处方肺运动是否提高运动能力和生活质量的稳定COPD患者。44名参与者被征聘,只有37人(84%)参与者完成了研究(CG = 19,PG = 18)。因此,对37名参与者进行了数据分析,两组基本特征(包括年龄、性别、BMI、持续时间和疾病等级)没有显著差异(表1)。 经过3个月的干预,重复:30s手臂卷曲测试从21.3±4.4增加到22.9×4;30 s …

Discussion

在这项研究中,在干预计划中使用了称为规定肺运动的修改性TCE,并使用了一些健身测试来调查家庭处方肺运动对运动能力和生活质量的影响。稳定的COPD患者。主要发现,经过3个月的干预,上肢和下肢运动能力、耐力锻炼能力和生活质量有了很大提高。结果表明,处方肺运动作为COPD靶向和易学的中医,可用于家庭和社区COPD康复项目。

在这项研究中,3个月的干预后完成率为…

Divulgations

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

本研究得到国家体育总局全民健身项目(第2017B021号)的支持,上海市科委重点基础研究经费(第16JC1400500号),定向研究经费上海市科学技术委员会(第18DZ1200600号)和国家自然科学基金委员会(第81472163号)。

Materials

4643a Tanita Used for the evaluation of height, weight, and body mass index
Borg CR10 None Used for the evaluation of dyapnea
PASS 15.0 NCSS, LLC Used for power calculation
Polar team 2 Polar Used for supervising the heart rate of participants
SGRQ software Developed by Peking Union Medical College Used for calculating the score of quality of life
SPSS 24.0 IBM Corporation Used for statistical analysis

References

  1. Organization, W. H. . World health statistics 2017: monitoring health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals. , (2017).
  2. Negewo, N. A., Gibson, P. G., McDonald, V. M. COPD and its comorbidities: Impact, measurement and mechanisms. Respirology. 20 (8), 1160-1171 (2015).
  3. Rabe, K. F., Watz, H. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lancet. 389 (10082), 1931-1940 (2017).
  4. Agusti, A., et al. Characterisation of COPD heterogeneity in the ECLIPSE cohort. Respiratory Research. 11 (122), (2010).
  5. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. . Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2018 Report). , (2018).
  6. Zambom-Ferraresi, F., et al. Effects of combined resistance and endurance training versus resistance training alone on strength, exercise capacity, and quality of life in patients with COPD. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention. 35 (6), 446-453 (2015).
  7. Ramos, E., et al. The effects of elastic tubing-based resistance training compared with conventional resistance training in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized clinical trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 28 (11), 1096-1106 (2014).
  8. El-Kader, S. M. A., Al Jiffri, O. H., Al-Shreef, F. M. Plasma inflammatory biomarkers response to aerobic versus resisted exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. African Health Sciences. 16 (2), 507-515 (2016).
  9. Iepsen, U. W., et al. Effect of endurance versus resistance training on quadriceps muscle dysfunction in COPD: a pilot study. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 11, 2659-2669 (2016).
  10. Coquart, J. B., Le Rouzic, O., Racil, G., Wallaert, B., Grosbois, J. M. Real-life feasibility and effectiveness of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring medical equipment. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 12, 3549-3556 (2017).
  11. Puente-Maestu, L., et al. Use of exercise testing in the evaluation of interventional efficacy: an official ERS statement. The European Respiratory Journal. 47 (2), 429-460 (2016).
  12. Coquart, J. B., et al. Home-based neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves exercise tolerance and health-related quality of life in patients with COPD. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 11, 1189-1197 (2016).
  13. Spielmanns, M., et al. Whole-Body Vibration Training During a Low Frequency Outpatient Exercise Training Program in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 9 (5), 396-402 (2017).
  14. Lan, C., Chou, S., Chen, S., Lai, J., Wong, M. The aerobic capacity and ventilatory efficiency during exercise in Qigong and Tai Chi Chuan practitioners. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 32 (1), 141-150 (2004).
  15. Chao, Y., Chen, S., Lan, C., Lai, J. The cardiorespiratory response and energy expenditure of Tai-Chi-Qui-Gong. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 30 (4), 451-461 (2002).
  16. Xiao, C., Zhuang, Y. Efficacy of Liuzijue Qigong in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in remission. Journal of the American Geriatrics Socety. 63 (7), 1420-1425 (2015).
  17. Li, P., et al. Effects of long-term home-based liuzijue exercise combined with clinical guidance in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 13, 1391-1399 (2018).
  18. Zhang, M., Xv, G., Luo, C., Meng, D., Ji, Y. Qigong Yi Jinjing promotes pulmonary function, physical activity, quality of life and emotion regulation self-efficacy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pilot study. Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 22 (10), 810-817 (2016).
  19. Ng, B., Tsang, H., Jones, A., So, C., Mok, T. Functional and psychosocial effects of health qigong in patients with COPD: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 17 (3), 243-251 (2011).
  20. Liu, X., et al. Therapeutic effects of Qigong in patients with COPD: A randomized controlled trial. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy. 22 (1), 38-46 (2012).
  21. Jones, P. St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire: MCID. COPD. 2 (1), 75-79 (2005).
  22. Liu, X., et al. Effects of home-based prescribed pulmonary exercise by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 20 (1), 41 (2019).
  23. Borg, G. A. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 14 (5), 377-381 (1982).
  24. Holland, A., et al. An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. European Respiratory Journal. 44 (6), 1428-1446 (2014).
  25. Rikli, R., Jones, C. . Senior Fitness Test Manual – 2nd edition. , 64-67 (2013).
  26. Sciriha, A., et al. Health status of COPD patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation: a comparative responsiveness of the CAT and SGRQ. Chronic Respiratory Disease. 14 (4), 352-359 (2017).
  27. Jones, P. W., Quirk, F. H., Baveystock, C. M., Littlejohns, P. A self-complete measure of health status for chronic airflow limitation. The St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. The American Review of Respiratory Disease. 145 (6), 1321-1327 (1992).
  28. Leung, R., McKeough, Z., Peters, M., Alison, J. Short-form Sun-style t’ai chi as an exercise training modality in people with COPD. European Respiratory Journal. 41 (5), 1051-1057 (2013).
  29. Grosbois, J. M., et al. Six-minute stepper test: a valid clinical exercise tolerance test for COPD patients. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 11, 657-663 (2016).
  30. Coquart, J. B., et al. Reproducibility and Sensitivity of the 6-Minute Stepper Test in Patients with COPD. COPD. 12 (5), 533-538 (2015).
  31. Alexander, J., Phillips, W., Wagner, C. The effect of strength training on functional fitness in older patients with chronic lung disease enrolled in pulmonary rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Nursing. 33 (3), 91-97 (2012).
  32. Chen, Y., et al. Effects of home-based lower limb resistance training on muscle strength and functional status in stable COPD patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 27 (5-6), e1022-e1037 (2017).
  33. Covey, M., Collins, E., Reynertson, S., Dilling, D. Resistance training as a preconditioning strategy for enhancing aerobic exercise training outcomes in COPD. Respiratory Medicine. 108 (8), 1141-1152 (2014).
  34. Chan, A., Lee, A., Lee, D., Sit, J., Chair, S. Evaluation of the sustaining effects of Tai Chi Qigong in the sixth month in promoting psychosocial health in COPD patients: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013, 425082 (2013).
  35. Wuytack, F., et al. Comparison of outpatient and home-based exercise training programmes for COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respirology. 23 (3), 272-283 (2018).

Play Video

Citer Cet Article
Liu, X., Li, P., Li, J., Xiao, L., Li, N., Lu, Y., Wang, Z., Su, J., Wang, Z., Shan, C., Wu, W. Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J. Vis. Exp. (150), e59765, doi:10.3791/59765 (2019).

View Video