准备和植物种子膳食为基础的木材胶粘剂的测试
Summary
To facilitate the effort in seeking more economic and environment-friendly formulations of natural product-based wood adhesives, this work demonstrates the preparation and testing of plant seed-based wood adhesives. This protocol allows one to assess plant seed-based agricultural products as suitable candidates for the substitution of synthetic-based wood adhesives.
Abstract
最近，在植物种子粉为基础的产品如木材胶粘剂的兴趣不断增加，因为这些植物原料被认为是可再生能源和环境友好。这些天然产物可以作为替代的基于石油的粘合剂，以减轻环境和可持续性的担忧。这项工作演示了使用棉籽和大豆粉为原料的植物种子为基础的木材胶粘剂的制备和测试。此外，未经处理的餐点，用水洗净膳食和分离蛋白的制备和测试。粘合剂浆料是通过2小时搅拌冷冻干燥餐产物用去离子水（3点25瓦特/ w）的制备。每种粘合剂制剂施加到用刷子2木材单板条一端。木材单板条带的粘性粘合剂涂覆区域被研磨和胶合热压。粘合强度被报告为粘结木材试样断裂时的剪切强度。粘合剂的耐水性是通过测量在保税木材的剪切强度的变化，在试件浸水后休息。该协议允许一个评估植物种子为基础的农产品为合适人选的合成基木材胶粘剂替代。调整到具有或不具有添加剂和粘合条件的粘合剂配制剂可用于各种实际应用中优化其粘合性能。
Introduction
木材的粘接起着在森林产品工业中日益重要的作用，并且是有效地利用木材资源1的关键因素。在使用天然产物型胶粘剂木材利率稳步上升，从20世纪30年代，以达到在1960年左右2峰值。在此之后，中石油为基础的粘合剂的价格变得如此之低，他们流离失所蛋白胶粘剂从几个传统市场。在过去的二十年里，这一趋势已经在使用的材料是可再生，可降解的新的兴趣逆转，更符合环保要求。这些天然资源包括但不限于，大豆蛋白3-5，棉籽蛋白6，米糠7，小麦面筋8，酒糟蛋白9，低芥酸菜子蛋白质和油10-12，木质素从高粱和甘蔗渣13 ，14，和多糖衍生自虾壳15。
<P类=“jove_content”>鉴于种子蛋白质分离物已被广泛地评价为潜在木材胶粘剂，隔离过程涉及腐蚀性酸性和碱性试剂，它使分离物基粘合剂较昂贵和较少的环境友好型16。因此，一些脱脂种子餐（粉）有或无治疗也已测试了用于粘合目的，即使这些膳食的粘合性能不执行以及蛋白分离物17-19。我们顺序地分馏棉籽粕（CM）成不同的馏分，并检查其在粘接木材薄板20,21的粘接强度。水不溶性的固体成分（以下，洗涤棉籽粕-WCM）可以用作木材粘合剂，媲美棉籽蛋白分离物（CSPI），并且将是制备比CSPI成本更低。粘合强度和耐水性是在评估的性能的两个关键参数一个潜在的粘合剂材料。这里，粘合强度被报告为在每个木材试样的搭接键的断裂的剪切强度。粘合剂的耐水性是通过在粘合的木材试样断裂时的拉伸剪切强度的变化，由于浸水测量。使用脱脂棉籽和大豆膳食为原料，该协议提供了一个简单而直接的方式来准备和测试植物种子为基础的产品如木材胶粘剂。该协议将促进在寻求天然产物为基础的木材胶粘剂更多的经济型和环境友好剂型的努力有所帮助。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
本文提出了一种基本的程序，准备和测试植物种子为基础的产品如木材胶粘剂。 exampled在这个协议的粘接泥浆只是脱脂粕产品和水。各种粘合剂制剂可以通过加入测试试剂（如十二烷基硫酸钠，亚硫酸氢钠或桐油）5,6,23和/或在混合条件下（如pH值，固体和水的比例）的变化3,24的到达25。还需要的粘合剂配方的调整，如果是该粘合剂浆料的流变学性质不适合用于相应的应用?…
Divulgations
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Data reported in this work are part of the USDA-ARS National Program 306 Project ‘Values-Added Products from Cottonseed’ research supported by the Agency’s in-house funding. Publication of this paper is supported in part by the Journal of Visualized Experiments. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We acknowledge the constructive comments from JoVE science editor and peer reviewers in the review and revision process.
Materials
| Material and Equipment | Supplier/Manufacturer | Address | |
| defatted cottonseed meal | Kentwood Co-op | Kentwood, LA, USA | |
| defatted soy meal | Kentwood Co-op | Kentwood, LA, USA | |
| wood veneers | Certainly Wood, Inc. | East Aurora, NY, USA | |
| cyclone sample mill (model 3010-014) | UDY Corporation | Fort Collins, CO, USA | |
| Benchtop Heated Press (Model 3856) | Carver, Inc. | Wabash, IN. USA | |
| Materials Tester | Zwick GmbH & Co. | Ulm, Germany |
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