The bending moment is defined as the reaction developed in a structural element when subjected to an external force, causing the element to bend. When a structural element undergoes bending, it creates compressive normal forces on the top and tensile normal forces on the bottom, resulting in a couple that determines the bending moment of the element. Bending of a ruler fixed at one end, a diving board, and pole vaulting are some examples of bending moments. A torsional moment occurs when a twisting force is applied to a body along its transverse axis, causing the section to twist. Wrenching clothes, driving screws, and torsion springs are a few examples of torsional moments. The internal forces and couple moments acting on a cross-section of a beam can be represented by their x, y, and z components. The torsional moment, My is represented along the y-direction, while Mx and Mz represent the bending moment components along the x and z directions.