Chapter 14
Muscle Tissue
![Overview of Muscle Tissues](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14836.jpg)
The human body has three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Each class has unique properties that enable them to perform specific…
![Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14837.jpg)
The connective tissues play a significant role in arranging the muscle fibers into a hierarchical structure that forms a complete muscle. Consider a…
![The Sarcomere](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14839.jpg)
A sarcomere is a microscopic segment repeating in a myofibril. The sarcomere fundamentally consists of two main myofilaments: thick filaments called…
![The Neuromuscular Junction](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14840.jpg)
The nervous system consists of complex motor neuron circuits, including upper motor neurons originating from the cerebral cortex and lower motor…
![Excitation-contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14842.jpg)
Excitation-contraction coupling is a series of events that occur between generating an action potential and initiating a muscle contraction. It…
![Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14843.jpg)
The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium…
![Muscle Recovery and Fatigue](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14845.jpg)
Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from…
![Motor Units](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14846.jpg)
The motor unit is a fundamental component of the neuromuscular system and plays a crucial role in coordinating muscle contractions. It consists of a…
![Muscle Stimulation Frequency](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14848.jpg)
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units…
![Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14849.jpg)
Two primary types of muscle contractions are isotonic and isometric, each serving unique functions and involving distinct mechanisms. Both isotonic…
![Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14851.jpg)
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal…
![Exercise and Muscle Performance](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14852.jpg)
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly…
![Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14854.jpg)
The primary role of cardiac muscles is to propel blood throughout the cardiovascular system. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, exhibit…
![Structure and Organization of Smooth Muscles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/14855.jpg)
Smooth muscle tissue is a type of muscle tissue that can be found lining various vital organs in the human body, including the lungs, blood vessels,…
![Measuring Neuromuscular Junction Functionality](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/55227_t.png)
Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) functionality plays a pivotal role when studying diseases in which the communication between motor neuron and muscle is…
![Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/52899_t.png)
Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles
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Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) are electrophysiological techniques that can be used to monitor the…