Chapter 22
Signaling Networks of G Protein-coupled Receptors
![G Protein-coupled Receptors](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13320.jpg)
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate…
![Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13321.jpg)
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits:…
![G-Protein Gated Ion Channels](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13323.jpg)
GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision. The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate…
![GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cyclase Activity](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13324.jpg)
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine…
![IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13326.jpg)
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases…
![Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13327.jpg)
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes,…
![Characterization of G Protein-coupled Receptors by a Fluorescence-based Calcium Mobilization Assay](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/51516_t.png)
Characterization of G Protein-coupled Receptors by a Fluorescence-based Calcium Mobilization Assay
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For more than 20 years, reverse pharmacology has been the preeminent strategy to discover the activating ligands of orphan G protein-coupled…
![Measuring G-protein-coupled Receptor Signaling via Radio-labeled GTP Binding](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/55561_t.png)
G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of transmembrane receptors that play critical roles in normal cellular physiology and…