The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four …
The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal …
Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into …
Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small …
Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical …
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the …
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at …
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is …
The skeletal system is the central framework of the body, consisting of different connective tissues: bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Components …
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin …
Bone infection results from bacterial invasion, which is extremely difficult to treat in clinical, orthopedic, and traumatic surgery. The bone infection …
Bone fractures impose a tremendous socio-economic burden on patients, in addition to significantly affecting their quality of life. Therapeutic strategies …
