Morehouse School of Medicine 2 articles published in JoVE Immunology and Infection Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals Kateena Addae Konadu1, Ming Bo Huang1, William Roth1, Wendy Armstrong2, Michael Powell1, Francois Villinger3,4, Vincent Bond1 1Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 2Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 3Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 4Yerkes National Primate Research Center Techniques describing a gradient procedure to separate exosomes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) particles are described. This procedure was used to isolate exosomes away from HIV particles in human plasma from HIV-infected individuals. The isolated exosomes were analyzed for cytokine/chemokine content. Immunology and Infection Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners Martin N. Shelton1,2, Ming Bo Huang1, Syed Ali1,3, Kateena Johnson1, William Roth1, Michael Powell1, Vincent Bond1 1Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 2Institute for Systems Biology, 3Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia Techniques to dissect the mechanisms underlying the secretion of HIV-1 Nef in exosomes are described. Specific short peptides derived from Nef and protein transfection were exploited to determine the structure, function, and binding partners of Nef’s Secretion Modification Region. These procedures have general relevance in many mechanistic studies.