Karolinska Institute 2 articles published in JoVE Medicine Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor Luca Bruschini1,2, Francesca Forli1,2, Guido Andrea Lazzarotti3, Antonella Borraccino1,2, Mirco Cosottini3,4, Stefano Berrettini1,2,5, Francesco Lazzerini1,6 1Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Operative Unit, University of Pisa, 2Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 3Neuroradiology Operative Unit, Pisa University Hospital, 4Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 5Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, 6Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa Here, we discuss clinical and radiological features of endolymphatic sac tumors and report the methodology and results of a surgical removal in a case in care at our otologic referral center. Biology Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches Dmitry K. Nilov1, Alexey V. Zamaraev2, Boris Zhivotovsky2,3, Gelina S. Kopeina2 1Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 3Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute The present protocol uses a biomolecular simulation package and describes the molecular dynamics (MD) approach for modeling the wild-type caspase and its mutant forms. The MD method allows for assessing the dynamic evolution of the caspase structure and the potential effect of mutations or post-translational modifications.