饲养实验装置（FED）：建筑和验证的开源设备的在鼠害测量摄食
Summary
Feeding Experimentation Device (FED) is an open-source device for measuring food intake in mice. FED can also synchronize food intake measurements with other techniques via a real-time digital output. Here, we provide a step-by-step tutorial for the construction, validation, and usage of FED.
Abstract
Food intake measurements are essential for many research studies. Here, we provide a detailed description of a novel solution for measuring food intake in mice: the Feeding Experimentation Device (FED). FED is an open-source system that was designed to facilitate flexibility in food intake studies. Due to its compact and battery powered design, FED can be placed within standard home cages or other experimental equipment. Food intake measurements can also be synchronized with other equipment in real-time via FED’s transistor-transistor logic (TTL) digital output, or in post-acquisition processing as FED timestamps every event with a real-time clock. When in use, a food pellet sits within FED’s food well where it is monitored via an infrared beam. When the pellet is removed by the mouse, FED logs the timestamp onto its internal secure digital (SD) card and dispenses another pellet. FED can run for up to 5 days before it is necessary to charge the battery and refill the pellet hopper, minimizing human interference in data collection. Assembly of FED requires minimal engineering background, and off-the-shelf materials and electronics were prioritized in its construction. We also provide scripts for analysis of food intake and meal patterns. Finally, FED is open-source and all design and construction files are online, to facilitate modifications and improvements by other researchers.
Introduction
随着全球肥胖的兴起在20 世纪后期，有再度上下层饲养1，2，3，4机制的关注。通常，食物摄入量是手动称量5，或用市售的馈送系统。商业系统都很出色，但在修改其设计或代码提供有限的灵活性。在这里，我们描述了实验饲养设备（FED）：用于测量食物的摄入量以优良的时间分辨率和最小的人为干扰6的开源料系统。 FED是电池供电，可以容纳标准的殖民地齿条笼或其他科学仪器内部的3D打印的情况下，在完全包含。
在稳态下，FED在低功耗模式下工作，在其FO食物丸安息OD好。粒料的存在通过红外光束进行监测。当鼠标移除粒料，一个光断续传感器将信号发送到微控制器和时间标记被记录板载安全数字（SD）卡上。同时，晶体管 – 晶体管逻辑（TTL）输出提供粒料检索的实时输出。紧接这种情况下，马达旋转以分配另一个粒料，并且系统返回到其低功率模式。由于它的开源本质，美联储可以进行修改和完善，以适应特定的研究需求。例如，代码可以容易地改变，以进料限制在每天的特定时间，或停止分配时已经达到一个数量的颗粒，而不需要人为干预。
在这里，我们概括为建筑，验证和使用FED的一步一步的说明在小鼠体内测量食物的摄入。我们提供的所有组件的列表来构造一个系统。重要的是，没有事先恩在电子perience需要来构造的FED。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
喂养实验设备（FED）是一种灵活的食物摄入量监测系统。在这里，我们描述了在制造和诊断设备，包括3D打印硬件，电子元件焊接，和素描上传的组装到微控制器的详细说明。虽然它遵循谨慎协议列出的所有步骤是很重要的，也有值得特别注意在每个部分，以确保一个成功的终端产品的关键步骤。三维印刷旋转盘应紧贴到步进电机轴，并能够以最小的阻力来自相邻部件旋转。当焊接引脚连接，确?…
Offenlegungen
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
这项工作是由美国国立卫生研究院院内研究计划（NIH），国家糖尿病研究所，消化道和肾脏疾病（NIDDK）的支持。我们感谢对仪表的NIH科和美国国立卫生研究院图书馆与3D打印的援助。
Materials
| Electronics | |||
| Adafruit Motor/Stepper/Servo Shield for Arduino v2 Kit – v2.3 | Adafruit | 1438 | Use of other motor shields has not been tested and will require changes to the code |
| Adafruit Assembled Data Logging shield for Arduino | Adafruit | 1141 | Use of other data logging shields has not been tested and will require changes to the code |
| PowerBoost 500 Charger | Adafruit | 1944 | Other voltge regulator boards have not been tested, but should work if they have similar specifications |
| FTDI Friend + extras – v1.0 | Adafruit | 284 | Any FTDI-USB connection will work |
| Small Reduction Stepper Motor – 5VDC 32-Step 1/16 Gearing | Adafruit | 858 | Use of other stepper motors has not been tested |
| Arduino Pro 328 – 5V/16MHz | SparkFun | DEV-10915 | Other Arduino boards should work, although may require changes to the code |
| Photo Interrupter – GP1A57HRJ00F | SparkFun | SEN-09299 | Other photointerrupters will work, but may require changes to the 3D design |
| SparkFun Photo Interrupter Breakout Board – GP1A57HRJ00F | SparkFun | BOB-09322 | Other photointerrupters will work, but may require changes to the 3D design |
| Connectors, screws, and miscellaneous items | |||
| Shield stacking headers for Arduino (R3 Compatible) | Adafruit | 85 | Any stacking header that says Arduiono R3 compatible will work |
| Multi-Colored Heat Shrink Pack – 3/32" + 1/8" + 3/16" | Adafruit | 1649 | Any heatshrink will work |
| Hook-up Wire Spool Set – 22AWG Solid Core – 6x25ft | Adafruit | 1311 | Any wire will work |
| Lithium Ion Battery Pack – 3.7V 4400mAh | Adafruit | 354 | Any 3.7V Lithium battery with a JST connector will work |
| SD/MicroSD Memory Card (8GB SDHC) | Adafruit | 1294 | Any SD card will work |
| 50 Ohm BNC Bulkhead Jack (3/8" D-Hole) | L-com | BAC70A | Any BNC bulkhead will work |
| Type 316 Stainless Steel Pan Head Phillips Sheet metal screw, No 6 size, 1/4" Length | McMaster-Carr | 90184A120 | Any screws of this specification will work |
| Type 316 Stainless Steel Pan Head Phillips Sheet metal screw, No 2 size, 1/4" Length | McMaster-Carr | 91735A102 | Any screws of this specification will work |
| Nylon 100 Degree Flat Head Slotted Machine Screw, 4-40 Thread, 1" Length | McMaster-Carr | 90241A253 | Any screws of this specification will work |
| Nylon Hex Nut, 4-40 Thread Size | McMaster-Carr | 94812A200 | Any nut of this specification will work |
| 2Pin JST M F Connector 200mm 22AWG Wire Cable | NewEgg | 9SIA27C3FY2876 | Any 2 pin connector will work for this connection |
| Metal Pushbutton – Latching (16mm, Red) | SparkFun | COM-11971 | Any push button or switch will work |
| Resistor Kit – 1/4W | SparkFun | COM-10969 | Any 1/4W resistors will work |
Referenzen
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