Chapter 8
Distributions
![Distributions to Estimate Population Parameter](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13593.jpg)
The accurate values of population parameters such as population proportion, population mean, and population standard deviation (or variance) are…
![Degrees of Freedom](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13594.jpg)
The degree of freedom for a particular statistical calculation is the number of values that are free to vary. Thus, the minimum number of independent…
![Choosing Between <em>z</em> and <em>t</em> Distribution](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13596.jpg)
The z and the Student t distribution estimate the population mean using the sample mean and standard deviation. However, to decide which distribution…
![Chi-square Distribution](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13597.jpg)
How does one determine if bingo numbers are evenly distributed or if some numbers occurred with a greater frequency? Or if the types of movies people…
![Estimating Population Standard Deviation](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13599.jpg)
When the population standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is large, the sample standard deviation s is commonly used as a point estimate…
![Goodness-of-Fit Test](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13600.jpg)
The goodness-of-fit test is a type of hypothesis test which determines whether the data "fits" a particular distribution. For example, one…
![Contingency Table](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13602.jpg)
A contingency table provides a way of portraying data that can facilitate calculating probabilities. It is a method of displaying a frequency…
![Introduction to Test of Independence](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13603.jpg)
In statistics, the term independence means that one can directly obtain the probability of any event involving both variables by multiplying their…
![Determination of Expected Frequency](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13605.jpg)
Suppose one wants to test independence between the two variables of a contingency table. The values in the table constitute the observed frequencies…
![Test for Homogeneity](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/13606.jpg)
The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether…
![A Direct and Simple Method to Assess <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>'s Viability from Embryo to Adult](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/59996_t.png)
A Direct and Simple Method to Assess Drosophila melanogaster's Viability from Embryo to Adult
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In Drosophila melanogaster, viability assays are used to determine the fitness of certain genetic backgrounds. Allelic variations can result in…
![Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles](https://jovecdn2.ccindex.cn/files/thumbs/53047_t.png)
Amphiphilic block copolymers like polyethyleneglycol-block-polylactic acid (PEG-b-PLA) can self-assemble into micelles above their critical micellar…