Human co-infection is difficult to replicate in vitro. However, human malaria parasites can readily be cultured in vitro, as can freshly isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells naturally infected with HIV. This provides an excellent model for studying early immune responses to malaria parasites in the context of HIV co-infection.
Finney, C., Serghides, L. An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection. J. Vis. Exp. (104), e52969, doi:10.3791/52969 (2015).