1. Insects
2. Electrophysiological Preparation
3. Chemical Stimuli and Stimulation Protocol
4. Representative Results
Antennae of restrained moths (Figure 1) stimulated with female pheromone component, (Z,Z)-11,13-hexadecadienal generate robust dose dependent responses (Figure 2). This major pheromone component also elicits dose dependent excitatory responses from long trichodea sensilla (Figure 3A) as displayed in traces of single unit recordings (Figure 3B).
Figure 1. Live navel orangeworm moth restrained and antenna exposed
Figure 2. Dose dependent EAG responses elicited in response to (Z,Z)-11,13-hexadecadienal, a major female pheromone constituent.
Figure 3. Sensilla trichoid in male navel orangeworm moth respond to (Z,Z)-11,13-hexadecadienal in a dose dependent manner. (A) Antenna of male navel orangeworm moth is multi-segmented and each segment is adorned with a large number of hair like structures, sensilla. A scanning electron micrograph, showing details in the inset (Scale bars are 200 and 50 μM, respectively). (B) Extracellular single-unit recordings from a trichoid sensillum.
Material Name | Catalogue #/Model | Company | Comment |
Microscope | BX51WI model | Olympus, USA | |
Stereo microscope | MZ75 | Leica Microsystems Inc. USA | |
1.0 mm borosilicate capillary tubing with filament | 1B100F-3 | WPI Inc, FL | |
Micropipette puller | P-97 | Sutter Instruments, CA | |
Stimulus controller | CS-55 model | Syntech, Germany | |
High Impedance pre-amplifiers (Universal Single ended probe) |
Syntech, Germany | ||
Amplifier / data-acquisition system (USB-IDAC) | Syntech, Germany | ||
EAG Micromanipulator MP-12 | Syntech, Germany | ||
(Z,Z)-11,13-hexadecadienal | Bedoukian Research Inc, CT. | ||
Whatman filter paper | 1001070 | Whatman USA | |
5 mL polypropylene syringe | 309633 | BD Syringes, NJ | |
pipette tip (200 μL) | 1111-0806 | USA Scientific Inc | |
669 mL lunchbox,13 x 13 cm; height, 4.5 cm, | Rubbermaid | ||
Thirsty Ultra Absorbent, 27.9 x 27.9 cm | Safeway | ||
Non-drying clay | 18150 | Claytoon , Van Aken International, CA | |
Environmental chamber | I-30BLL model |
Insect olfactory systems provide unique opportunities for recording odorant-induced responses in the forms of electroantennograms (EAG) and single sensillum recordings (SSR), which are summed responses from all odorant receptor neurons (ORNs) located on the antenna and from those housed in individual sensilla, respectively. These approaches have been exploited for getting a better understanding of insect chemical communication. The identified stimuli can then be used as either attractants or repellents in management strategies for insect pests.
Insect olfactory systems provide unique opportunities for recording odorant-induced responses in the forms of electroantennograms (EAG) and single sensillum recordings (SSR), which are summed responses from all odorant receptor neurons (ORNs) located on the antenna and from those housed in individual sensilla, respectively. These approaches have been exploited for getting a better understanding of insect chemical communication. The identified stimuli can then be used as either attractants or repellents in management strategies for insect pests.
Insect olfactory systems provide unique opportunities for recording odorant-induced responses in the forms of electroantennograms (EAG) and single sensillum recordings (SSR), which are summed responses from all odorant receptor neurons (ORNs) located on the antenna and from those housed in individual sensilla, respectively. These approaches have been exploited for getting a better understanding of insect chemical communication. The identified stimuli can then be used as either attractants or repellents in management strategies for insect pests.