Cortex-、Hippocampus-、Thalamus-、Hypothalamus-、横中隔Nucleus-と線条体固有<em>子宮内</em> C57BL / 6マウスでのエレクトロポレーション
Summary
This protocol describes in detail how to specifically transfect different regions in the C57BL/6 central nervous system via in utero electroporation. Included in this protocol are detailed instructions for transfections of regions that develop into the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, lateral septal nucleus and striatum.
Abstract
In utero electroporation is a widely used technique for fast and efficient spatiotemporal manipulation of various genes in the rodent central nervous system. Overexpression of desired genes is just as possible as shRNA mediated loss-of-function studies. Therefore it offers a wide range of applications. The feasibility to target particular cells in a distinct area further increases the range of potential applications of this very useful method. For efficiently targeting specific regions knowledge about the subtleties, such as the embryonic stage, the voltage to apply and most importantly the position of the electrodes, is indispensable.
Here, we provide a detailed protocol that allows for specific and efficient in utero electroporation of several regions of the C57BL/6 mouse central nervous system. In particular it is shown how to transfect regions the develop into the retrosplenial cortex, the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, the piriform cortex, the cornu ammonis 1-3, the dentate gyrus, the striatum, the lateral septal nucleus, the thalamus and the hypothalamus. For this information about the appropriate embryonic stage, the appropriate voltage for the corresponding embryonic stage is provided. Most importantly an angle-map, which indicates the appropriate position of the positive pole, is depicted. This standardized protocol helps to facilitate efficient in utero electroporation, which might also lead to a reduced number of animals.
Introduction
3独立したグループ1-3により2001年に最初の記述以来I N 子宮内エレクトロポレーションは、齧歯動物の中枢神経系における遺伝子発現を分析するために広く使用されている標準的なツールとなっています。継続的に技術、まだ時間とお金がかかり、そのシンプルさに起因する子宮内エレクトロポレーションのアピールを改善するにもかかわらず、であるノックアウトマウスの作製に比べ。だから、 子宮内エレクトロポレーションは、高速かつ効率的gain-や機能喪失研究4を可能にします 。
脳の領域をトランスフェクトするために、負に帯電したプラスミドを含有する溶液を脳室に注入されます。電気パルスの間に、負に荷電したDNAは、正極に向かって移動するので、トランスフェクトされた領域は、正極の位置を変更することによって簡単に選択することができます。これは、頻繁に、中枢神経系の多数の領域がTAであることが示されています3,5-8を rgeted。例えば、最近の研究では、海馬、梨状皮質や線条体9-11の具体的なトランスフェクションを示します。しかし、適切な位置についての情報は、多くの場合のみ、ほとんど標準化されず、常に異なるマウス系統に転送することは容易ではありません。
特定胚の段階のトランスフェクションは、些細なほど遠いです。 子宮内エレクトロポレーションの特定のためのセットアップを選択する際に多くの影響を与える要因を考慮する必要があります。まず、最適にそれぞれの胚の段階をトランスフェクトするために、適切な電圧についての知識が必要とされています。低電圧は、トランスフェクション効率2,3,12を減らす一方、高電圧は、生存率を低下させます。また、電極パドルのサイズが減少した特異性には大きすぎる結果であるか、心臓の鼓動4,12,13の影響に起因する死亡を引き起こす可能性があり、電極パドルを使用するため、重要な役割を果たしています。適用されました電圧と大きさと電極パドルの位置が考慮すべき最も重要な機能であるが、DNA-液の塗布量のように、エレクトロポレーションの結果に影響を与えるさらなる要因もあります。
我々は、C57BL / 6 マウス 12の様々な脳の領域の迅速かつ効率的なトランスフェクションを可能にする詳細なプロトコルを開発しました。このプロトコルでの電圧についての詳細な情報を使用する、強化特異用電極パドルのサイズが提供されます。さらに、心室についての情報は、プラスミド溶液の量についての勧告に沿って満たされると、電極の位置が供給されています。マップ内の詳細な位置情報の表示、これらの位置のさらなる可視化は、脳梁膨大後部皮質の子宮内エレクトロポレーション、運動皮質、体性感覚皮質、梨状皮質、トンで簡単な特定かつ効率的に可能彼は1-3、歯状回、線条体、横中隔核、視床および視床下部ammonisコルニュ。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
This protocol describes in detail how to transfect the retrosplenial cortex, the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, the piriform cortex, the cornu ammonis 1-3, the dentate gyrus, the striatum, the lateral septal nucleus, the thalamus and the hypothalamus of C75BL/6 mice. With all the provided information this is the first protocol, which supplies all necessary information to easily recreate transfections of these cerebral regions in the C57BL/6 mouse. Previous publications are mostly focused only on a few specific r…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Technical supported by Melanie Pfeifer and Nikolai Schmarowski (Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center Mainz).
Materials
| EndoFree Plasmid Maxi Kit | QIAGEN | 12362 | |
| Fast Green | Roth | 0301.1 | |
| pCAGGS | Addgene | ||
| borosilicate glass capillaries (0.8-0.9 mm diameter) | Wold Precision Instrument Inc. | 1B100F-4 | |
| Isoflurane (Forene) | Abbott | PZN 4831850 | |
| Carprofen (Rimadyl) | Pfizer GmbH | approval number: 400684.00.00 | |
| eye ointment (Bepanthen Augen und Nasensalbe) | Bayer | PZN 01578681 | |
| 0.9% benzyl alcohol 0.9% saline solution | Pharmacy of the University Medical Center Mainz |
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| gauze (ES-Kompressen) | Hartmann | 407835 | |
| sterile 5-0 Perma-Hand Silk Suture | Ethicon Johnson & Johnson | K890H | |
| ring forceps 1/ 1.5 mm | Fine Science Tools | 11101-09 | |
| ring forceps 4.8/ 6 mm | Fine Science Tools | 11106-09 | |
| ring forceps 2.2/ 3 mm | Fine Science Tools | 11103-09 | |
| Adson Forceps-Serrated Straight 12 cm | Fine Science Tools | 1106-12 | |
| IrisScissors-Delicate Straight-Sharp/Blunt 10 cm | Fine Science Tools | 14028-10 | |
| Mayo-Stille Scissors-Straight 15 cm | Fine Science Tools | 14012-15 | |
| Dumont #5 Forceps-Inox | Fine Science Tools | 11251-20 | |
| Castroviejo NeedleHolder-with Lock-Tungsten Carbide 14 cm | Fine Science Tools | 12565-14 | |
| Elektroporator CUY21 SC | Nepa Gene Co. | ||
| FST 250 Hot Bead Sterilizer | Fine Science Tools | 18000-45 | |
| Microgrinder EG-44 | Narishige | ||
| P-97 Micropette Puller | Sutter Instrument Company | P-97 | |
| Platinum electrodes 650P 0.5 mm | Nepagene | CUY650P0.5 | |
| Platinum electrodes 650P 3 mm | Nepagene | CUY650P3 | |
| Platinum electrodes 650P 5 mm | Nepagene | CUY650P5 | |
| Platinum electrodes 650P 10 mm | Nepagene | CUY650P10 | |
| Anesthesia system | Rothacher-Medical GmbH | CV-30511-3 Vapor 19.3 | |
| Heating plate | Rothacher-Medical GmbH | HP-1M | |
| Temperature Controller 220V AC | Rothacher-Medical GmbH | TCAT-2LV |
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