Biomembrane Force Probe to Quantitate Receptor-Ligand Interactions
Published: June 29, 2023
Abstract
Source: Chen, Y., et al., Fluorescence Biomembrane Force Probe: Concurrent Quantitation of Receptor-ligand Kinetics and Binding-induced Intracellular Signaling on a Single Cell. J. Vis. Exp. (2015)
In this video, biomembrane force probes (BFPs) are used to measure the forces between receptors and ligands. This technique can detect interactions by monitoring the pressure needed to break the bonds between the pMHC conjugated on the probe beads and the TCRs on the target cells.
Protocol
1. Human RBCs Isolation, Biotinylation, and Osmolarity Adjustment NOTE: Step 1.1 should be performed by a trained medical professional such as a nurse, with an Institutional Review Board-approved protocol. Obtain 8-10 µl (one drop) of blood from a finger prick and add it to 1 ml of the carbonate/bicarbonate buffer (Material list). Gently vortex or pipette the mixture and centrifuge for 1 min at 900 x g. Discard the s…
Representative Results
Figure 1: fBFP assembly. (A) An overview picture of the fBFP hardware system. (B) A schematic drawing of the fBFP hardware system. (C) The dual-cam system “DC2” (orange) onto which the high-speed camera (blue) and a fluorescence camera (white) were mounted. (D) The microscope stage that ad…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Materials
| Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Monohydrate (NaH2PO4 • H2O) | Sigma-Aldrich | S9638 | Phosphate buffer preparation |
| Anhy. Sodium Phosphate Dibasic (Na2HPO4) | Sigma-Aldrich | S7907 | Phosphate buffer preparation |
| Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) | Sigma-Aldrich | S2127 | Carbonate/bicarbonate buffer preparation |
| Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) | Sigma-Aldrich | S5761 | Carbonate/bicarbonate buffer preparation |
| Sodium chloride (NaCl) | Sigma-Aldrich | S7653 | N2-5% buffer preparation |
| Potassium chloride (KCl) | Sigma-Aldrich | P9541 | N2-5% buffer preparation |
| Potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4) | Sigma-Aldrich | P5655 | N2-5% buffer preparation |
| Sucrose | Sigma-Aldrich | S0389 | N2-5% buffer preparation |
| MAL-PEG3500-NHS | JenKem | A5002-1 | Bead functionalization |
| Biotin-PEG3500-NHS | JenKem | A5026-1 | RBC biotinylation |
| Nystatin | Sigma-Aldrich | N6261 | RBC osmolarity adjustment |
| Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) | Sigma-Aldrich | A-6899 | Glass bead silanization |
| Methanol | BDH | 67-56-1 | Glass bead silanization |
| 30% Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) | J. T. Barker | Jan-86 | Glass bead silanization |
| Acetic Acid (Glacial) | Sigma-Aldrich | ARK2183 | Glass bead silanization |
| 3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) | Uct Specialties, llc | 4420-74-0 | Glass bead functionalization |
| Borosilicate Glass beads | Distrilab Particle Technology | 9002 | Glass bead functionalization |
| Streptavidin-Maleimide | Sigma-Aldrich | S9415 | Glass bead functionalization |
| BSA | Sigma-Aldrich | A0336 | Ligand functionalizing |
| Fura2-AM | Life Technologies | F-1201 | Intracellular calcium fluorescence dye loading |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) | Sigma-Aldrich | D2650 | Intracellular calcium fluorescence dye loading |
| Quantibrite PE Beads | BD Biosciences | 340495 | Density quantification |
| Capillary Tube 0.7-1.0 mm x 30 inches | Kimble Chase | 46485-1 | Micropipette making |
| Flaming/Brown Micropipette Puller | sutter instrument | P-97 | Micropipette making |
| Narishige | Narishige | Narishige | Micropipette making |
| Mineral Oil | Fisher Scientific | BP2629-1 | Chamber assembly |
| Microscope Cover Glass | Fisher Scientific | 12-544-G | Chamber assembly |
| Micro-injector | World Precision Instruments | MF34G-5 | Chamber assembly |
| 1 ml syringe | BD | 309602 | Chamber assembly |
| Micropipette holder | Narishige | HI-7 | Chamber assembly |
| Microscope (TiE inverted) | Nikon | MEA53100 | BFP system |
| Objective CFI Plan Fluor 40x (NA 0.75, WD 0.72 mm, Spg) | Nikon | MRH00401 | BFP system |
| Camera, GE680, 640 x 480, GigE, 1/3" CCD, mono | Graftek Imaging | 02-2020C | BFP system |
| Prosilica GC1290 – ICX445, 1/3", C-Mount, 1280 x 960, Mono., CCD, 12 Bit ADC | Graftek Imaging | 02-2185A | BFP system |
| Manual submicron probehead with high resolution remote control | Karl Suss | PH400 | BFP system |
| Anti-vibration table (5’ x 3’) | TMC | 77049089 | BFP system |
| 3D manual translational stage | Newport | 462-XYZ-M | |
| SolidWorks 3D CAD software | SolidWorks 3D CAD software | Version 2012 SP5 | BFP system |
| LabVIEW software | National Instruments | Version 2009 | BFP system, BFP program |
| 3D piezo translational stage | Physik Instrumente | M-105.3P | BFP system |
| Linear piezo accuator | Physik Instrumente | P-753.1CD | BFP system |
| Carbonate/bicarbonate buffer (pH 8.5) | 8.4 g/L sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), 10.6 g/L sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) | ||
| N2-5% buffer (pH 7.2) | 27.6 g/L NaPhosphate monobasic (NaH2PO4 • H2O), 28.4 g/L Anhy. NaPhosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4) | ||
| 20.77 g/L potassium chloride (KCl), 2.38 g/L sodium chloride (NaCl), 0.13 g/L potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4), 0.71 g/L anhy. sodium phosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4), 9.70 g/L sucrose |
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Cite This Article
Biomembrane Force Probe to Quantitate Receptor-Ligand Interactions. J. Vis. Exp. (Pending Publication), e21453, doi: (2023).